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The fuel sending unit has a float that rides on the fuel’s surface. The float is tied to a variable resistor that varies the flow of current to ground. When the tank is full, we have no resistance and full power across the gauge, which moves the needle to “F.” When the tank is empty, there’s high resistance to ground and low current flow across the gauge, which keeps the needle at “E.”
Instrument Panel Function & Electrical Basics

 The fuel sending unit has a float that rides on the fuel’s surface. The float is tied to a variable resistor that varies the flow of current to ground. When the tank is full, we have no resistance and full power across the gauge, which moves the needle to “F.” When the tank is empty, there’s high resistance to ground and low current flow across the gauge, which keeps the needle at “E.”  View Related Article

 

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